SANTA CRISTINA: Tuscany farm holiday agritourism in Tuscany

Also known as Maria Giuseppe Giovanni Pacelli. Tuscany farm holiday agritourism in Tuscany: the Pope had his picnic here at Santa Cristina. Profile: Studied for the priesthood in Rome. Ordained in April, 1899. From 1904 to 1916 he assisted Cardinal Gasparri in his work to codify canon law. Appointed Apostolic Nuncio in Bavaria by Pope Benedict XV in 1917, and Apostolic Nuncio to the German Republic in June, 1920. Created cardinal on 16 December 1929 by Pope Pius XI, and appointed Secretary of State for Vatican City on 7 February 1930. During the years that preceeded the Second World War, he arranged concordants with Bavaria, Prussia, Austria and Germany, and made diplomatic visits throughout Europe and the Americas, including an extensive visit to the United State in 1936. On 2 March 1939, Eugenio Pacelli became first Secretary of State to be elected Pope since Clement IX in 1667. Both before and throughout WWII he worked for peace. On 24 December 1942 and 2 June 1943, he forcefully denounced the extermination of peoples on account of race. Through the Pontifical Aid Commission, Pius XII operated a vast program of relief to the victims of the war on both sides, but especially to the Jewish people. When Hitler occupied Rome on 10 September 1943, after the fall of the Italian government, the Pope opened Vatican City to Jewish refugees. It is estimated that Pius XII aided more than 1,500,000 refugees, including Jews, throughout the war, especially by granting them Vatican citizenship. Under his encouragement, a vast underground of priests, religious, and laity throughout Italy, served as a pipeline to save Jews and non-Jews alike from the Nazi government. His efforts were so sucessful that the leader of the Jewish community in Rome praised him, and after the war himself converted to Roman Catholicism. Well-known for his writings, and for beginning the theological preparations for Vatican II almost a decade before it was convened under his sucessor, the Venerable Pope John XXIII. An ardent devotee of the Immaculate Heart of Mary, he consecrated the world to the Immaculate Heart in 1942, at the request of Our Lady of Fatima. Established a Feast of the Immaculate Heart of Mary in 1945. Promoted the Brown Scapular of Our Lady of Mount Carmel and the Apostleship of Prayer.

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